Immigration restriction and labour scarcity. Enforcement and lower legal inflows cut labour-force growth to near zero in the US and much of Europe.
Contested Direction genuinely disputed. Reasonable people expect opposite outcomes. Largest effect expected 2025–2035.
Second-order effects
Construction, agriculture, hospitality, and care — the sectors that relieve the most basic frictions — lose their workforce first; wages rise, prices follow; automation gets a subsidy; population ageing accelerates because immigrants were young.
Its neighbourhood
Everything this entry connects to directly. Click any point to follow it.
Frictions it intensifies
These pressures get worse, or reach more people.
Solutions it accelerates
Solutions it threatens
Sectors it reshapes
How to track it
If this trend is real, these are the numbers that will show it first.