Pharmacy benefit managers and drug plans. Intermediaries who negotiate — and take a cut.
It is an institution or public programme.
It exists to relieve Lifelong medication at monopoly prices. That is the whole reason it is here: nothing enters this map without a human problem behind it.
It could not exist without Insurance regulation. These are the quiet preconditions — remove any one and the solution stops working.
4 organisations in this map sell it, 4 of them publicly listed.
Its neighbourhood
Everything this entry connects to directly. Click any point to follow it.
The line back to a human being
4 hops from a person at a phase of life. The further a thing sits from the person, the more abstract it looks — and the more it tends to be mistaken for something that came from nowhere.
- SolutionPharmacy benefit managers and drug plans
- FrictionLifelong medication at monopoly prices
- SolutionChronic-condition pharmaceuticals
- FrictionThe body starts to fail in ways it did not before
- Life phaseMidlife
- Rooted inMortality
- Rooted inSafety
- Rooted inScarce resources
Relieves
Requires
Who sells it
| Organisation | Value | Type | Products |
|---|---|---|---|
| UnitedHealth Group | $300B | public · UNH | employer and individual plans, Medicare Advantage, Optum Rx PBM |
| Cigna Group | $85B | public · CI | Express Scripts PBM, employer health plans |
| Elevance Health | $80B | public · ELV | Anthem Blue Cross plans, Medicaid managed care, CarelonRx |
| CVS Health (Aetna | $80B | public · CVS | Aetna plans, Caremark PBM, CVS Pharmacy |